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SCIENCE PRE-WORKSHOP HOMEWORK
TOP 100
MULT-SUBJECT Challenge #1
"The TOP 100"
DIRECTIONS
1) Watch the pre-workshop instruction video.
2) Review the terms "BOLDED IN BLACK."
3) Write a brief 1-Sentence Summary of each term.
EXAMPLE 1: Ecosystem: a community or group of living organisms that live in and interact with each other in a specific environment.
EXAMPLE 2: Mitochondria: known as the powerhouse of the cell - part of the cell that breaks down nutrients to create energy for the cell.
The following TOP 100 MATH & SCIENCE PRE-WORKSHOP HOMEWORK CHALLENGE is designed to help you review the TOP 100 Terms
in preparation for NEW MATH & SCI MTEL (278, 64, 77) Workshop. See video directions above for pre-workshop home-study usage.
SCIENTISTS & ENGINEERING
1
Scientific Inquiry
Engineering and Technology
BIOLOGY
101
2
Life Science and Biology 101
Human Body 101
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genes
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binary fission
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anemia
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chloroplast
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eukaryotic vs prokaryotic
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genetic material
CHEMISTRY 101
3
Chemistry 101
-
mole
Constants and Formulas in Chemistry
-
1 calorie
-
emf and free energy relationship (reactants and products in standard states)
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energy change as an electron transitions between energy states
PHYSICS
101
4
Physics 101
 Boyle's LawBoyle’s Law describes the inverse proportional relationship between pressure and volume at a constant temperature and a fixed amount of gas. This law came from a manipulation of the Ideal Gas Law. |  Charles's LawCharles's Law describes the directly proportional relationship between the volume and temperature (in Kelvin) of a fixed amount of gas, when the pressure is held constant. |  Avogadro's LawVolume of a gas is directly proportional to the amount of gas at a constant temperature and pressure. |
|---|---|---|
 Ideal Gas LawThe ideal gas law, also called the general gas equation, is the equation of state of a hypothetical ideal gas. It is a good approximation of the behavior of many gases under many conditions, although it has several limitations. |  Atomic MassAtomic mass is the total of the masses of the electrons, neutrons, and protons in an atom, or in a group of atoms, the average mass. |  Dalton's Law FormulaDalton’s Law of partial pressure states that “the total pressure exerted by the mixture of gases is the sum of all the partial pressure of the individual gases.” |
 Bond Order FormulaThe bond order shows the number of chemical bonds present between a pair of atoms. |  Boiling Point FormulaThe boiling point is the temperature at which a liquid starts to boil and transforms to vapor. |  Grams to Moles FormulaThe common or usual weight measurements in chemistry is figured out using moles. |
 pH FormulapH is a measure of the amount of activity of hydrogen ions (H+) in a solution and thus its alkalinity or acidity. |  Molar VolumeThe Molar Volume, represented by Vm, is the volume occupied by one mole of a substance which can be a chemical element or a chemical compound at Standard Temperature and Pressure (STP). |  Number of Moles FormulaA mole of a defined substance is defined as the mass of that substance containing the same number of fundamental units just like atoms in 12.0 g of 12C |
 Mass Percent FormulaThe Mass percent is a way of expressing a concentration or describing the component in a particular mixture. |  Temperature ConversionThe three common temperature scales are Celsius, Fahrenheit, and Kelvin. Each scale has its uses, so it's likely you'll encounter them and need to convert between them. |  Percent Error FormulaWhen you calculate results that are aiming for known values, the percent error formula is useful tool for determining the precision of your calculations. |
 ForceForce is the mass of an object, multiplied by its acceleration |  WeightWeight is a force that acts at all times on all objects near Earth. |  DensityDensity is a measure of relative compactness, or how heavy an object is relative to its size |
|---|---|---|
 AccelerationAcceleration is a measure of how quickly the velocity of an object changes |  VelocityVelocity is a measure of how quickly an object moves. |  Distance, Speed, and TimeSpeed is a measure of how quickly an object moves from one place to another. It is equal to the distance traveled divided by the time. It is possible to find any of these three values using the other two |
 DisplacementDisplacement is the change in an object's position from the origin |  Kinetic energyKinetic energy is the energy of moving objects. An object's kinetic energy depends on the object's mass and velocity. |  Potential energyPotential energy is energy that is stored in a system. There is the possibility, or potential, for it to be converted to kinetic energy. |
 PowerPower is a rate at which work is done, or energy is used. |  CurrentThe rate of flow of charge through a cross section of some region of a metallic material is called the electric current. |  WorkWork is the result when a force acts on an object and moves it by some distance |
 PressurePressure is a force per unit area that acts on an object. |  MomentumMomentum is a quantity with a value and a direction |  ImpulseAn impulse is a force applied for a specified period of time. |
 StressStress is a measure of the internal force an object is experiencing per unit cross-sectional area |  Pythagoras TheoremThe square of the hypotenuse (the side opposite the right angle) is equal to the sum of the squares of the other two sides. |  LeverA lever is a bar resting on a pivot. Force (effort) applied at one point is transmitted across the pivot (fulcrum) to another point which moves an object (load). |
|---|---|---|
 Wheel and AxleThe wheel and axle is essentially a modified lever, but it can move a load farther than a lever can. The center of the axle serves as a fulcrum. |  PulleyA pulley is a wheel over which a rope or belt is passed. It is also a form of the wheel and axle. |  Inclined PlaneThe inclined plane is a simple device that hardly looks like a machine at all. The mechanical advantage increases as the slope of the incline decreases. |
 WedgeThe wedge is an adaptation of the inclined plane. It can be used to raise a heavy load over a short distance or to split a log. |  ScrewThe screw is actually an inclined plane wrapped in a spiral around a shaft. A jackscrew combines the usefulness of the screw and the lever. The lever is used to turn the screw. |
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